Transmission of intelligence with the aid of electric energy.



No. 803,109. PATENTED OCT. 31, 1905.

I. KITSEE.

TRANSMISSION OI INTELLIGENCE WITH THE AID'OF ELECTRIC ENERGY.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT.17, 1904. RENEWED MAY 4,1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEBT I.

No. 803,109. PATENTED OCT. 31, 1905. I. KITSEE.

TRANSMISSION OF INTELLIGENCE WITH THE AID OF ELECTRIC ENERGY.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT.17, 1904. RENEWED MAY 4.1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET z.

UNITED STATES PATENT ()FICE.

ISIDOR KITSEE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

TRANSMISSION OF INTELLIGENCE WITH THE AID 0F ELECTRIC ENERGY.

Patented Oct. 31, 1905.

Application filed September 17, 1904; Renewed May 4, 1905. Serial No.258,890.

To all whom it 777/Cby concern.-

Be it known that I, ISIDOR Krrsnn, of the city and county ofPhiladelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in the Transmission of Intelligence With the Aid ofElectric Energy, (Case No. 220,) of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to an improvement in the transmission ofintelligence with the aid of electric energy, and has more specialreference to long-distance telephonic transmission.

In general, my invention comprises the construction and use of such aline that the effects of induction are utilized to increase the quantityand quality of transmission and which it is probable are combined tosome extent with the effects of static capacity in bringing about theremarkable results attained. The construction referred to involves aline or cable which comprises a plurality of relatively insulated orconductively-separated wires which are twisted in intimate relation withone another and are therefore at no point in metallic contact. The'wires for one line or a single circuit are preferably three in numberand of a comparatively small gage. I have found that three strands ofNo. 28 insulated wire have given extremely satisfactory results inactual open-air tests for distances of several miles. These strands aretwisted into intimate relation with each other, so as to makeapproximately four or five complete turns to the inch for each strand.These twisted wires should preferably extend for the whole length of theline, the opposite ends of the separate wires being connected to theinstruments or apparatus at each end of the line or at any twostations,the other opposite ends of two wires being left free.

I do not herein desire to advance any particular theory as to the causesand actions of the transmitting currents or impulses in my line whichproduce the great advantages in quantity, quality, and efficiency of theelectric transmission. Suffice it to say that electric inductionfbothself and mutual, plays an important part in the transmission and isprobably modified by and cooperates with static capacity to a greater orless extent.

I do not wish to be understood as being limited to thedetails,arrangements, and sizes herein set forth, for they may be variedto suit the different conditions of any particular line or number oflines included in a single circuit or cable. Neither do Iwish to beunderstood as being limited to the transmission of intel ligence in theapplication of my invention, for it is evident that the same may beutilized in the transmission of power electrically by alternating orintermittent currents.

Referring to the drawings, Figures 1, 2, and 3 are diagrammatic views oftransmitting-circuits embodying my invention.

A B C are the lines of transmission, one terminal of the line A beingconnected, through wire 1, with the interposition of the usualtransmitting and receivinginstruments, to one terminal of the line C,the other terminal of the line C connected, through wire 2, with theinterposition of the usual transmitting and receiving instruments, toone terminal of the line B. One terminal of the line A and one terminalof the line B remain free. In Fig. 1 these three lines A B C are shownas running parallel to each other. In Fig. 2 the arrangement ofconnecting all three wires to each other is the same as in Fig. 1; butthe lines A and B are twisted, and the line C is running parallel to thetwisted pair. In Fig. 3 all three lines A B C are twisted together.

In Figs. 1 and 2 the receiving and transrnittingdevices are illustratedin conventional signs and are designated as an entirety by the letters DD. In Fig. 3 I have substituted a different type of transmitting andreceiving devices; but they are designated by the same letter D, and asthese devices do not form part of this application and as it isimmaterial what type of devices is used I do not deem it necessary to gointo detail of the construction of such devices. It suffices to say thatthe transmitting devices embrace microphones and the receiving devicesear-phones.

In my experiments I have found that if sound is transmitted over a lineconstructed as illustrated in Fig. 1 the received impulses are veryweak. If a line as illustrated in Fig. 2 is substituted for that asshown in Fig. 1, then the transmitted speech can be heard distinctly andclearly; but if the arrangement as illustrated in Fig. 3 is substituted,the results far exceed the previous transmissions.

Itis necessary for me to add that the closer and shorter the turns inthe twisted wires the better the transmission. I may also add that someof the experiments were carried on with a cable wherein about twentymetallic circuits, each consisting of the usual two conductors, were inactual service, and no interference between the lines as described andthe other metallic circuits took place.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a circuit for transmitting varying electric currents, a linecomprising three insulated conductors, one terminal of one conductorconnected, with the interposition of transmitting and receiving devices,to one terminal of a second conductor, the other terminal of said secondconductor connected, with the interposition of transmitting andreceiving devices, to one terminal of a third conductor, one terminal ofthe first and one terminal of the third conductor remaining free.

2. In acircuit for transmitting varying electric currents, atransmitting-line comprising three insulated conductors, each consistingof a series of successive convolutions, each series having inductiverelation with the other, the three conductors connected to each other soas to form an open circuit,'one free end of which terminates at or nearone station and the other free end of which terminates at or near asecond station. r

3. In a circuit for transmitting varying electric currents, atransmitting-line comprising three insulated conductors, each consistingof a continuous series of inductive convolutions, each series havinginductive relation with the other for the entire length of the line, thethree conductors joined together so as to form one open circuit and setsof apparatus inserted in said line.

4:. In a circuit for transmitting electric currents, a line comprisingthree insulated conductors twisted in intimate relation with each other,one conductor having one end connected, with the interposition oftransmitting and receiving apparatus, to one end of a second conductor,the second end of said second conductor connected, with theinterposition of transmitting and receiving apparatus, to one end of athird conductor.

5. In a circuit for transmitting varying electric currents, a linecomprising three insulated conductors twisted in intimate relation withone another and having not less than four complete turns to the inch,two of said three conductors connected at one station to the necessaryapparatus, one of said two conductors and the third conductor connectedto the necessary apparatus at a second station more or less remote fromthe first station.

6. In a circuit for transmitting varying electric currents a linecomprising three insulated conductors twisted in intimate relation witheach other, two conductors having each one end connected to a separatestation and the third connected with one end to one of said stations,and with the second end to the second of said stations more or lessremote from the first-mentioned station.

7. In a circuit for transmitting varying electric currents a linecomprising three insulated conductors twisted together in intimaterelation with one another, said Wires being inductively separatedthrough their entire length and being connected together at theterminals in a manner so as to form one open circuit.

8. In a circuit for transmitting varying electric currents, a linecomprising three insulated conductors connected together at theirterminals in a manner so as to form one continuous electric circuit openat both ends and transmitting and receiving devices inserted in saidcircuit, the three conductors in inductive relation to each other.

9. A line for electrically transmitting intelligence consisting of threeconductors insulated from each other but inductively related to eachother, said three conductors connected together in a manner so as toform one continuous circuit and devices operatively connected to saidcircuit.

In testimonywhereofI hereby sign my name, in the presence of twosubscribing Witnesses, this 14th day of September, A. D. 190

ISIDOR KITSEE.

Witnesses:

EDITH R. STILLEY, H. C. YETTER.

